Category: World War 1

Tags: documentary, short, film, World, War, one, Estonia, Germany, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, and, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia

World War I also known as the First World War, the Great War, and The War to End All Wars, was a global war which took place primarily in Europe from 1914 to 1918. Over 40 million casualties resulted, including approximately 20 million military and civilian deaths. Over 60 million European soldiers were mobilized from 1914 to 1918. The context which helps explain the war was increasing economic and military competition between Britain and Germany. Germany's industrial economy was fast overtaking Britain's, but the German economy lacked a major empire to back up its home economy. The economic race between the two powers led to military competition in particular the building of numerous Dreadnoughts -powerful military ships. The immediate cause of the war was the June 28 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb citizen of Austria-Hungary and member of the Black Hand. The retaliation by Austria-Hungary against the Kingdom of Serbia activated a series of alliances that set off a chain reaction of war declarations. Within a month much of Europe was in a state of open warfare The war was propagated by two major alliances. The Entente Powers initially consisted of France, the United Kingdom, Russia, and their associated empires and dependencies. Numerous other states joined these allies, most notably Italy in April 1915, and the United States in April 1917. The Central Powers, so named because of their central location on the European continent, initially consisted of Germany and Austria-Hungary and their associated empires. The Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers in October 1914, followed a year later by Bulgaria. By the conclusion of the war, only The Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain and the Scandinavian nations remained officially neutral among the European countries, though many of those provided financial and material support to one side or the other. The fighting of the war mostly took place along several fronts that broadly encircled the European continent. The Western Front was marked by a system of trenches, breastworks, and fortifications separated by an area known as no man's land. These fortifications stretched 475 miles (more than 600 kilometres) and precipitated a style of fighting known as trench warfare. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network prevented a trench warfare stalemate, though the scale of the conflict was just as large as on the Western Front. The Middle Eastern Front and the Italian Front also saw heavy fighting, while hostilities also occurred at sea, and for the first time, in the air Date July 28, 1914 -- November 11, 1918 Location Europe, Africa and the Middle East (briefly in China and the Pacific Islands) Military dead: 5,525,000 Military wounded:12,831,500 Military missing:4,121,000

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